A journalist studied the data in Table 2. She made the following suggestion.

'If an adult takes the maximum number of tablets allowed for either of the medicines, then the person would have more than the RDA of sodium.'

The RDA (recommended daily allowance) of sodium for an adult human is 2.4 g per day.

Is the journalist's statement true for both of the medicines in Table 2?

Use suitable calculations to support your answer.

Show your working.

Doctors investigated the link between high sodium concentrations in medicines and hypertension (high blood pressure).

They analysed medical records of patients. 1 292 337 of these patients had taken medicines containing high sodium concentrations. Each of these patients was paired with a patient from a control group.

Give two factors that should have been the same for each pair of patients and one factor that should have been different.

Same factor 1 ______________

Same factor 2 ______________

Different factor ______________

Doctors found:

• 4.73% of the patients who had taken medicines containing high sodium concentrations suffered from hypertension

• there were 7.18 times fewer control patients with hypertension.

Calculate how many of the control patients had hypertension.

Show your working.

Answer ______________ patients

A high concentration of sodium in the blood can affect blood volume and cause hypertension.

Use your knowledge of water potential to suggest how high sodium concentrations in the medicines taken could affect blood volume.