Explain the advantage for larger animals of having a specialised system that facilitates oxygen uptake.

Figure 2 shows two models of oxygen uptake found in animals.

Suggest how the environmental conditions have resulted in adaptations of systems using Model A rather than Model B.

Figure 3 shows changes in concentration of oxygen in two gas exchange systems.

A student studied Figure 3 and concluded that the fish gas exchange system is more efficient than the human gas exchange system.

Use Figure 3 to justify this conclusion.

Explain how the counter-current principle allows efficient oxygen uptake in the fish gas exchange system.

Table 1 shows features of two mammals.

Bats are flying mammals; shrews are ground-living mammals.

Calculate how many times the lung volume per unit of body mass of the bat is greater than that of the shrew.

Give your answer to an appropriate number of significant figures.

Give one suggestion to explain this difference.

Answer

Explanation