Name the type of behaviour shown by beetles G, J, P and R, and suggest one advantage to adult beetles of the type of behaviour shown.

Behaviour ______________

Advantage ______________

At higher temperatures and higher light intensities, adult pine beetles normally

• move more

• fly rather than walk.

When preparing to fly, these adult beetles walk slowly. The scientists investigated the movement of adult beetles at different temperatures, and in the light and the dark.

They created a box that was half in the light and half in the dark. They released an adult beetle at the midpoint of the central dividing line between light and dark areas. They recorded the path of the beetle's movement and its location after 5 minutes. From this, they calculated the mean speed of movement. They repeated the experiment with many beetles and at several temperatures.

Figure 3 shows the scientists' results.

After studying these experiments, a student concluded:

• there is a significant change in movement between 35 °C and 37.5 °C

• between 35 °C and 37.5 °C, more beetles move away from the light

• between 35 °C and 37.5 °C, more beetles have a slower walking speed.

Suggest reasons why these conclusions might not be valid.