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2022 · Paper 1 · Question 4 · 9 marks

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4.1

Describe viral replication.

3 marks
4.2

Complete Table 2 by putting a tick (✓) where the feature is part of a cell cycle involving mitosis or a cell cycle involving binary fission.

2 marks
4.3

Figure 6 represents a cell undergoing meiosis. It shows the chromosomes in the parent cell and in the two cells formed after the first meiotic division.

The second division of meiosis proceeds normally except that non-disjunction occurs in the chromosome labelled N.

Complete Figure 6 to show the chromosomes inside the daughter cells formed after the second meiotic division.

Figure 6 is in the question paperFigure for 4.3
2 marks
4.4

Doctors studied babies born with a mutation caused by chromosome non-disjunction during gamete formation in their mother.

They determined each mother's age at the time of childbirth and whether the non-disjunction happened in the first meiotic division (MM1 error) or in the second meiotic division (MM2 error).

Figure 7 shows the doctors' results.

A student concluded that there were more mothers of age ˃37 with MM2 errors than with MM1 errors.

Using Figure 7 and suitable calculations show why this conclusion is not valid.

Figure 7 is in the question paperFigure for 4.4
2 marks